Saltarello: A lively, fast-paced Italian dance characterized by its hopping steps, often set in triple meter, and commonly featured in Renaissance and Baroque music.
Context and Significance
Saltarello holds a significant place in music history as a vibrant dance form that added energetic flair to both courtly and folk traditions. Its spirited nature made it a popular choice in Renaissance and Baroque compositions, typically performed on instruments such as the lute or harpsichord. The saltarello’s infectious rhythm and lively tempo make it an essential element in the repertoire of early music ensembles, preserving the cultural vibrancy of Italian dance music.
Historical Background
The saltarello originated in 14th-century Italy, evolving from the medieval tradition of lively court dances. Its name derives from the Italian word “”saltare,”” meaning “”to jump,”” reflecting the dance’s characteristic leaping steps. Throughout the Renaissance and into the Baroque period, the saltarello became a staple in courtly entertainment, with composers incorporating its rhythm into instrumental suites and dance collections, thus embedding it into Western classical music’s early development.
Examples
Composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach incorporated saltarello rhythms into their suites, showcasing the dance’s influence beyond Italy. In Ottorino Respighi’s “”Ancient Airs and Dances,”” the saltarello is revived in a modern orchestral setting, demonstrating its enduring appeal. The dance’s lively character can also be found in traditional Italian folk performances, where it is often accompanied by tambourines and flutes.
Related Terms
Galliard: A lively Renaissance dance known for its quick steps and leaps.
Pavane: A slow, processional dance often preceding the saltarello in suites.
Canzona: An instrumental form that sometimes employed dance rhythms like those of the saltarello.