Flat Third Interval: An interval where the third note of a scale is lowered by a half step, creating a minor quality distinct from a major third.

Context and Significance

The flat third interval plays a crucial role in defining the character of minor scales and chords, infusing them with an emotional, sometimes melancholic quality. This interval is a staple in genres like blues, jazz, and rock, where its unique sound adds depth and expressiveness. Guitarists and pianists frequently use the flat third to convey mood shifts and enhance musical storytelling, making it a vital component in music composition and improvisation.

Historical Background

The concept of the flat third interval has roots in Western classical music, where it has been used to evoke minor tonality since the Renaissance. Over time, its application spread across various musical styles, becoming a fundamental element in the development of blues and jazz in the early 20th century. These genres popularized the interval, showcasing its versatility and emotional range, which continues to influence contemporary music.

Examples

The flat third interval is prominently featured in the blues scale, lending a distinctive sound to classics like B.B. King’s “The Thrill Is Gone.” In jazz, the interval is used to create complex harmonies, as exemplified in Miles Davis’ “So What.” Rock musicians, like Jimi Hendrix, have also harnessed the power of the flat third in iconic riffs and solos, demonstrating its broad appeal and adaptability.

Related Terms

Minor Third: An interval spanning three semitones, synonymous with the flat third.

Major Third: An interval spanning four semitones, contrasting with the flat third.

Minor Chord: A chord built with a root, flat third, and fifth.

Blues Scale: A scale incorporating the flat third, enhancing blues and rock music.

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