Flat Seventh: In music theory, a flat seventh is a note that is one semitone lower than the natural seventh scale degree. It is a key component in creating dominant and blues scales, adding a distinctively bluesy or jazzy sound.
Context and Significance
The flat seventh is particularly significant in genres like jazz, blues, and rock music. Its presence in dominant seventh chords provides a tension that resolves pleasingly, making it a staple in improvisational and expressive music styles. Guitarists and pianists often utilize the flat seventh to enhance solos, offering a richer harmonic palette. This interval imparts a soulful character to melodies, resulting in a sound that’s both familiar and emotionally impactful.
Historical Background
Traditionally, the use of the flat seventh can be traced back to African-American blues music, where it helped establish the genre’s signature sound. As jazz developed in the early 20th century, musicians adopted the flat seventh to craft complex harmonies and innovative improvisations. The interval’s persistent use in popular music underscores its adaptability and enduring appeal across musical eras.
Examples
The flat seventh is prominently featured in the classic blues progression. In The Beatles’ song “Taxman,” the flat seventh adds a distinctive edge to the melody. Jazz musician Miles Davis frequently employed the flat seventh in his improvisations, utilizing its unique tonal quality to shape his groundbreaking sound.
Related Terms:
Dominant Seventh: A chord type that includes the flat seventh note.
Mixolydian Mode: A scale featuring a flat seventh, often used in jazz and rock.
Minor Seventh: Another interval that includes a flat seventh note, but within a minor chord context.