Plagal Cadence Closure: A musical term describing a cadence that moves from the subdominant chord (IV) to the tonic chord (I), often referred to as the “Amen” cadence due to its frequent use in hymns.

Context and Significance

Plagal cadence closure is significant for its soothing and conclusive nature, commonly found in sacred and choral music. It provides a gentle resolution compared to the more definitive perfect cadence. This type of cadence is used in genres like classical and gospel music to evoke a sense of calm and finality. Instruments such as the organ and choir often employ this cadence to conclude a piece or section with a serene and reflective mood.

Historical Background

The concept of plagal cadence dates back to the Renaissance and Baroque periods when it became a staple in liturgical music. The term “plagal” originates from the medieval modal system, where it referred to modes that began a fourth below the final. The “Amen” cadence, as it is sometimes called, gained prominence in church music, solidifying its place in Western musical tradition as a tool for creating a tranquil ending.

Examples

Plagal cadences are prevalent in works such as the hymn “Amazing Grace,” where the transition from the IV to I chord provides a comforting closure. Bach’s chorales frequently utilize this cadence, enhancing their spiritual and reflective qualities. In the realm of popular music, artists have adopted plagal cadences to instill a sense of completeness, often at the end of ballads and reflective pieces.

Related Terms

Perfect Cadence: A cadential movement from the dominant chord (V) to the tonic (I), offering a strong resolution.

Deceptive Cadence: A cadence that creates an unexpected resolution, moving from V to a chord other than I.

Half Cadence: A cadence ending on the dominant chord (V), creating a sense of suspense.

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